COECSA, Journal, Ophthalmology
Prevalence and pattern of manifest strabismus in paediatric patients at CCBRT, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Download PDF Article

Keywords

strabismus

Categories

How to Cite

Njambi L, Rita O, Kazim D, Sonia V. (2023). Prevalence and pattern of manifest strabismus in paediatric patients at CCBRT, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The Journal of Ophthalmology of Eastern, Central and Southern Africa, 15(01). Retrieved from https://joecsa.coecsa.org/index.php/joecsa/article/view/264

Abstract

Background: Awareness on the magnitude of strabismus burden is crucial in preventing development of
amblyopia, restore binocularity, aid in development of stereopsis and improve treatments outcomes.
Objective: To determine the prevalence, and pattern of strabismus presentation in paediatric patients at
Comprehensive Community Based Rehabilitation in Tanzania (CCBRT).

Design:
Retrospective descriptive hospital based study.

Subjects:
Children aged 16 years and below presenting with strabismus at CCBRT between January 1, 2014 and
June 30, 2014.

Methods:
All strabismus coded files of patients below 16 years were identified from medical records. The data
collected included patients’ demographic data; age at onset of strabismus; visual acuity; characteristics of the
deviation; refractive status; binocular functions and amblyopia assessment; and relevant ocular and systemic
findings.

Results:
The prevalence of strabismus was 5.9%. Males were 49.1% and females 50.9%. Family history was
present in 3.3% of the patients. Most of the patients (61.8%) were below five years; average 4.6 years. A third of
the patients (32.5%) presented within one year of onset of strabismus; average duration 25.7 months. Systemic
and ocular co morbidities were present in 17.9% and 46.2% of the patients respectively. About half (47.9%),
had normal vision. Esotropia was the commonest deviation ( 63.3%); exotropia, 24% and hypertopia 2.8% . In
76.9% the strabismus was unilateral and alternating in 22.6%. Most of the deviations (42.9%) were between
30-50 prism dioptres. Hyperopia was in 51.7%; myopia in 14.4% and astigmatism 11.6% of the eyes. Amblyopia
was noted in 25.9% of the patients. Binocular single vision assessment was done in 14.1%; 62.5% had a negative
result.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of strabismus in this study was high at 5.9%. Esotropia was the commonest
deviation.

Download PDF Article

References

www.slideshare.net/hmirzaeee/review-of-strabismus

Yu BCO, Fan DSP, Wong VWY, Wong CY, Lam

DSC. Changing patterns of strabismus, a decade of

experience in Hong Kong. Br J Ophthalmol. 2002;

: 854-856.

Donnelly UM, Stewart NM, Hollinger M. Prevalence

and outcomes of childhood visual disorders.

Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2005; 12: 243-250.

Susanne HW, David AR, Rebecca B, Lucia K, Allen F.

Prevalence of eye diseases in primary school children

in a rural area of Tanzania. Br J Ophthalmol. 2000;

:1291-1297.

Benedicta AA, Oseluese AD, Ebele GA. Prevalence

and pattern of strabismus in primary school pupils in

Benin City, Nigeria. Nigerian J Ophthalmol. 2014;

: 38-43.

Aalaa OT, Samira MI. Prevalence of manifest

horizontal strabismus among basic school children in

Khartoum city. Sudanese J Ophthalmol. 2015; 7: 54-57.

Azonobi IR, Olatunji FO, Addo J. Prevalence and

pattern of strabismus in Ilorin. J West Afr Med. 2009;

(4):253-256.

Ebana mvogo C, Bella- Hiag AL, Espesse M.

Strabismus in Cameroon. J Fr Ophthalmol. 1996; 19:

-709.

Mohney BG, Greenberg AE, Diehl NN. Age at

strabismus diagnosis in an incidence cohort of

children. Am J Ophthalmol. 2007; 144(3):467-469.

Chia A, Roy L, Seenyen L. Comitant horizontal

strabismus: an Asian perspective. Br J Ophthalmol.

; 91(10):1337-1340.

Helena BH, Kenneth WW. Principles of strabismus

surgery for common horizontal and vertical strabismus

types. Chapter 12; Open access textbook; 2016.

Njambi L, Kariuki MM, Masinde S. Ocular findings

in children attending occupational therapy clinic at

Kenyatta National Hospital. East Afr J Ophthalmol.

: 15: 21-26.

Chew E, Ramalay NA, Tamboli A, Zhao J, Podgor

MJ, Klebanoff M. Risk factors for esotropia and

exotropia. Arch Ophthalmol. 1994; 112: 1349-1355.

Chua B, Mitchell P. Consequences of amblyopia on

education, occupation, and long term vision loss. Br

J Ophthalmol. 2004; 88: 1119–1121.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.