Abstract
Objectives: The study was done to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in Dar es Salaam and its association with microalbuminuria, demographic features, metabolic control and some cardiovascular risk factors.
Design: A cross sectional study.
Setting: Muhimbili Hospital
Methods: Eighty six Types 1 (T1D) and 141 Type 2 (T2D) consecutive diabetic patients were reviewed. Presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy were evaluated by indirect ophthalmoscopy, and the relationship between retinopathy and diabetes duration, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), serum creatinine, cholesterol, HbA1c and albuminuria was analysed.
Results: The prevalence of any grade of retinopathy was 18.6% (4.7% in T1D and 27% in T2D). Presence of retinopathy was significantly associated with diabetes duration. T2D with retinopathy had significantly higher systolic BP (p<0.01), diastolic BP (p<0.05) and serum creatinine level (p<0.05) than those patients without retinopathy. Albuminuria was the strongest predictor of retinopathy in T2D, (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Retinopathy was associated with albuminuria, BP, and diabetes duration but not with the metabolic control.
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